5 Ways to Master Colour Subtraction

Understanding Colour Subtraction

Colour subtraction is a fundamental concept in colour theory that involves the removal of certain wavelengths of light from an object or surface. Unlike colour addition, which combines different wavelengths of light to produce new colours, colour subtraction works by absorbing or reflecting specific wavelengths, resulting in the appearance of different colours. Mastering colour subtraction is essential for artists, designers, and anyone working with colours.

Colour Subtraction Basics

Before diving into the techniques, it’s essential to understand the basics of colour subtraction. When light hits an object, some wavelengths are absorbed, while others are reflected. The reflected wavelengths are what we perceive as colour. Colour subtraction occurs when an object absorbs certain wavelengths of light, causing the remaining wavelengths to be reflected and perceived as a different colour.

Technique 1: Understanding Colour Harmony

One of the most effective ways to master colour subtraction is to understand colour harmony. Colour harmony refers to the way colours work together to create a visually appealing effect. By understanding how colours interact with each other, you can use colour subtraction to create harmonious colour schemes. For example, if you’re working with a warm colour like orange, you can use colour subtraction to create a cool colour like blue by absorbing the warm wavelengths of light.

🔍 Note: Understanding colour harmony is key to mastering colour subtraction. Experiment with different colour combinations to see how they interact with each other.

Technique 2: Using the Colour Wheel

The colour wheel is a circular representation of colours, with primary colours (red, yellow, and blue) at the centre. By using the colour wheel, you can identify colours that are opposite each other (called “complementary colours”) and use colour subtraction to create a new colour. For example, if you want to create a shade of green, you can use colour subtraction to absorb the red wavelengths of light from a yellow-green colour.

Technique 3: Experimenting with Pigments

Pigments are substances that absorb certain wavelengths of light and reflect others. By experimenting with different pigments, you can master colour subtraction and create unique colours. For example, if you mix a pigment that absorbs red light with a pigment that absorbs blue light, you can create a shade of green.

• Start by experimenting with primary pigments (red, yellow, and blue)
• Mix different pigments to create secondary colours (orange, green, and purple)
• Use colour subtraction to absorb certain wavelengths of light and create new colours

Technique 4: Using Filters

Filters can be used to absorb certain wavelengths of light and create new colours. By using filters, you can master colour subtraction and achieve specific colour effects. For example, if you want to create a warm colour like orange, you can use a filter that absorbs blue light.

• Use glass or plastic filters to absorb certain wavelengths of light
• Experiment with different filter combinations to create unique colours
• Use colour subtraction to create subtle colour shifts

Technique 5: Practicing with Digital Tools

Digital tools like colour pickers and graphic design software can help you master colour subtraction. By experimenting with different colour combinations and using colour subtraction techniques, you can create unique colours and effects.

• Use colour pickers to select colours and adjust their properties
• Experiment with different colour combinations and use colour subtraction to create new colours
• Use graphic design software to apply colour subtraction techniques to digital images

In summary, mastering colour subtraction requires an understanding of colour harmony, the colour wheel, pigments, filters, and digital tools. By experimenting with different techniques and practicing regularly, you can achieve unique colours and effects.