Charles Law Worksheet with Answers and Solutions
Charles Law, also known as the Law of Volumes, is a fundamental principle in chemistry that describes the relationship between the volume of a gas and its temperature. The law states that, at constant pressure, the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature in Kelvin. In this worksheet, we will explore Charles Law with examples and provide answers and solutions to help you understand this concept better.
Understanding Charles Law
Charles Law is mathematically expressed as:
V1 / T1 = V2 / T2
Where: V1 = initial volume T1 = initial temperature in Kelvin V2 = final volume T2 = final temperature in Kelvin
This equation shows that the ratio of the initial volume to the initial temperature is equal to the ratio of the final volume to the final temperature.
Example 1: Volume and Temperature Change
A gas occupies a volume of 2.5 liters at a temperature of 300 K. If the temperature is increased to 350 K, what is the new volume of the gas?
📝 Note: Use Charles Law to solve this problem.
Solution
Given: V1 = 2.5 liters T1 = 300 K T2 = 350 K
Unknown: V2 =?
Using Charles Law: V1 / T1 = V2 / T2 2.5 / 300 = V2 / 350
Solving for V2: V2 = (2.5 / 300) x 350 V2 = 2.92 liters
Answer
The new volume of the gas is approximately 2.92 liters.
Example 2: Temperature and Volume Change
A gas occupies a volume of 1.8 liters at a temperature of 250 K. If the volume is increased to 2.2 liters, what is the new temperature of the gas?
📝 Note: Use Charles Law to solve this problem.
Solution
Given: V1 = 1.8 liters T1 = 250 K V2 = 2.2 liters
Unknown: T2 =?
Using Charles Law: V1 / T1 = V2 / T2 1.8 / 250 = 2.2 / T2
Solving for T2: T2 = (2.2 / 1.8) x 250 T2 = 305.56 K
Answer
The new temperature of the gas is approximately 305.56 K.
Example 3: Multiple Changes
A gas occupies a volume of 3.2 liters at a temperature of 280 K. The temperature is increased to 320 K, and then the volume is increased to 3.8 liters. What is the final temperature of the gas?
📝 Note: Use Charles Law to solve this problem in two steps.
Solution
Step 1: Temperature Change
Given: V1 = 3.2 liters T1 = 280 K T2 = 320 K
Unknown: V2 =?
Using Charles Law: V1 / T1 = V2 / T2 3.2 / 280 = V2 / 320
Solving for V2: V2 = (3.2 / 280) x 320 V2 = 3.64 liters
Step 2: Volume and Temperature Change
Given: V2 = 3.64 liters T2 = 320 K V3 = 3.8 liters
Unknown: T3 =?
Using Charles Law: V2 / T2 = V3 / T3 3.64 / 320 = 3.8 / T3
Solving for T3: T3 = (3.8 / 3.64) x 320 T3 = 329.67 K
Answer
The final temperature of the gas is approximately 329.67 K.
What is Charles Law?
+Charles Law is a fundamental principle in chemistry that describes the relationship between the volume of a gas and its temperature.
What is the mathematical expression of Charles Law?
+Charles Law is mathematically expressed as: V1 / T1 = V2 / T2
What are the limitations of Charles Law?
+Charles Law assumes that the pressure remains constant and the gas behaves ideally. In reality, gases may deviate from ideal behavior, especially at high pressures or low temperatures.
This worksheet has provided you with a better understanding of Charles Law and its applications in chemistry. By practicing with these examples and solutions, you should be able to solve problems involving volume and temperature changes in gases.
