Cell Organelle Worksheet Answer Key
Cells are the basic structural and functional units of living organisms, and they are composed of various organelles that perform specific functions. Understanding the structure and function of each organelle is crucial in cell biology. Here is a worksheet answer key to help you assess your knowledge of cell organelles.
Part 1: Multiple Choice Questions
- Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis?
- A) Mitochondria
- B) Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
- C) Ribosome
- D) Golgi apparatus
Answer: C) Ribosome
- Which organelle is known as the “powerhouse” of the cell?
- A) Nucleus
- B) Mitochondria
- C) Lysosome
- D) Peroxisome
Answer: B) Mitochondria
- Which organelle is responsible for photosynthesis in plant cells?
- A) Chloroplast
- B) Mitochondria
- C) Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
- D) Golgi apparatus
Answer: A) Chloroplast
Part 2: Short Answer Questions
- What is the function of the cell nucleus?
Answer: The cell nucleus is the control center of the cell where DNA is stored. It regulates cell growth, metabolism, and reproduction.
- Describe the function of the mitochondria.
Answer: Mitochondria are responsible for generating energy for the cell through a process called cellular respiration. They convert glucose into ATP (adenosine triphosphate), which is the energy currency of the cell.
Part 3: Matching
Match the following organelles with their functions:
| Organelle | Function |
|---|---|
| Lysosome | |
| Golgi apparatus | |
| Peroxisome | |
| Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) |
Answers:
| Organelle | Function |
|---|---|
| Lysosome | Digestion and recycling of cellular waste and debris |
| Golgi apparatus | Protein modification, sorting, and packaging |
| Peroxisome | Breakdown of fatty acids and amino acids |
| Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) | Protein synthesis, folding, and transport |
Part 4: Fill-in-the-Blank
- The _______________________ is the outermost layer of the cell that separates the cell from its environment.
Answer: Plasma membrane
- The _______________________ is a network of protein filaments that provides structural support and shape to the cell.
Answer: Cytoskeleton
Part 5: Essay Question
Describe the structure and function of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and its role in protein synthesis.
Answer: The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a type of organelle found in eukaryotic cells. It is a network of membranous tubules and cisternae that is responsible for protein synthesis, folding, and transport. The ER is divided into two types: rough ER and smooth ER. Rough ER is studded with ribosomes and is responsible for protein synthesis, while smooth ER is involved in lipid synthesis and detoxification. The ER plays a crucial role in protein synthesis by providing a platform for ribosomes to translate mRNA into proteins. It also helps in protein folding and transport to other parts of the cell.
📝 Note: This is a comprehensive answer key for a cell organelle worksheet. It covers multiple choice questions, short answer questions, matching, fill-in-the-blank, and essay questions.
Without adding any header, the conclusion is as follows:
In conclusion, cell organelles are specialized structures within cells that perform specific functions necessary for cellular survival. Understanding the structure and function of each organelle is essential in cell biology. This worksheet answer key provides a comprehensive review of cell organelles and their functions, and it can be used as a study guide for students and educators alike.
What is the main function of the mitochondria?
+The main function of the mitochondria is to generate energy for the cell through cellular respiration.
What is the difference between rough ER and smooth ER?
+Rough ER is studded with ribosomes and is involved in protein synthesis, while smooth ER is involved in lipid synthesis and detoxification.
What is the function of the lysosome?
+The lysosome is responsible for digestion and recycling of cellular waste and debris.
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